How do children learn manners?

is just telling a child to say please and thank you actually learning manners? do they actually know the meaning behind it or do they just think they are doing something wrong if do not say it.

this article is from Naiomi Aldort

What do they learn by being told

If telling a child to say "thank you" (and other manner words and actions) does not teach her/him to authentically feel and express gratitude - what does it teach?

A few possible things:

1. The child learns that telling others what to say or do is "good manners". The content of the "talk" is practically lost, as the child is mostly aware of the fact that someone is telling her what to do.
   
2. A less obvious message is the one: "I cannot trust myself to know what to say or do; I should rely on adults (authority) and obey instruction" (dependency, being a follower).
   
3. Linked to the previous one is "I cannot know on my own what to say or do, therefore I am not good enough" (low self-esteem and feeling inadequate and incapable).
   
4. A similar feeling of inadequacy can spring out of self-doubt: "Why don't I feel like saying 'thank you'? Something must be wrong with me".
   
5. A child learns to be phony and even simply to lie: "I don't really feel like saying anything, (sharing, helping...), I guess I am supposed to lie, pretend, or put on a show that does not reflect my real inner experience".
   
6. The child learns to hate sharing or saying "please" and "thank you", as his formative memory of doing so is that of resentment, being controlled, and being unreal. In doing something while not wanting to do it, he is learning to hate the expression of being grateful (sharing etc.) and the natural authentic development of his manners can be delayed.

How then will they learn manners?

How then will a child learn social manners? Can we trust the child to develop and mature in her own time, the way we trusted her to learn to walk and to talk? Why are we in a rush to have children behave like adults before they are adults?

When lovingly and respectfully treated, children will learn manners on their own simply because they want to live happily in this society. We can ensure this development by the following three approaches:

1. To "teach" a child to be grateful, express your gratitude for her contribution to your life: "It is such a joy to spend the afternoon with you". It is how you treat your child that teaches her how to be. Telling a child what to say is not respectful. It is not the kind of manners you want her to learn. Thanking her for her help and being kind and generous toward her are really at the heart of your teaching tools.
   
2. We can provide examples in our interactions with others by expressing gratitude, sharing generously, and treating others kindly. Our children will assimilate what they see, hear and experience around them.
   
3. For your child to learn manners with pleasure, and enjoy behaving in pleasing ways, she needs to see you enjoying yourself through these expressions. She needs to see you being real, authentic, and fully present when you express gratitude and treat people kindly.
   
4. We can provide ample freedom and opportunity to express painful feelings. Children, like adults, can best experience kind and giving feelings when they are not preoccupied with upsetting experiences. When a child tells me "I hate my sister", I validate his feelings and accept his emotional outburst - only then he can be free to love his sister. If hurtful and angry feelings are numbed, the loving and kind ones fall asleep with them. It's a package deal.

I find gratefulness to be a great tool for positive awareness, and the heart of manners. We can demonstrate it all through the day. I often say things like: I am so happy to have this wonderful house. I love this community. We are so lucky to live here. I am so grateful that Bach was born before me so I can enjoy his incredible music. I am amazed and thankful to be alive....have eyes, ears....and so on. Being grateful, sensitive and kind is not a lecture - but a demonstration.

Children become what they absorb around them. Be what you want them to become, and treat them the way you wish them to learn to be with others.

Maybe what we need is to develop our own manners of respect toward our children. It is not easy, but very simple: Children develop adult manners by the time they are adults.

I have found this information very useful...a child needs to know why it is important to be polite and have good manners and not just be told to do so.

Good Manners- dress code

Leisure and casual are similar in meaning. Dressy casual usually means no shorts or jeans. Similar to business casual but a bit dressier. Casual means jeans, shorts or anything comfortable.

Business Casual for men means a good quality knit shirt, microfiber or khaki slacks, a sport jacket (just in case a meeting arises), expensive loafers and socks.

Business Casual for women means casual pants, skirts, trousers, dresses, sweater sets and maybe jeans or t-shirts if the company allows them. Sandals are usually discouraged.

Do remember that Business Casual varies from business to business and it is important to find out what the dress codes and rules and regulations governing the codes are for each business.

Formal Attire and Black Tie mean the same thing. Men wear tuxedos. Women wear cocktail dresses, long dresses or dressy evening separates.

White Tie means very formal. Men wear full dress, with white ties, vests and shirts. Women wear long gowns.

Black Tie Optional means you have the option of wearing a tuxedo, but it lets you know that the event is formal. The alternate dress would be for men to wear a dark suit and tie. Women would wear cocktail dresses, long dresses or dressy evening separates.

Creative Black Tie is a trendy interpretation of formal wear. The man might go modern with a tuxedo, perhaps wearing a black shirt and no tie. The woman might wear a long or short dress or evening separates.

Semi-formal can be hard to figure out. Usually tuxedos and long dresses are not required. An evening wedding (after 6 p.m.) would still require dark suits for men and a cocktail dress for women. Daytime semi-formal events mean a suit for the man and a dressy short dress ro dressy suit for the woman.

Cocktail Attire means short, elegant dresses for women and dark suits for men.

Print

I have taken some images of print from in my house and when i am out and about. I am now going to look back on what i have learnt and try and see if i can work out which method of printing is used

Screen printed book

I think this is pad printed as it is 3D

Foil printing

I think this is digital printing as they are large and short runs

Table settings

Table settings
The table should have a centerpiece that performs a solely decorative function. If an informal dinner is being served that will fill the available places at the table, care should be taken to make the centerpiece not too large so that there will be sufficient room to place serving dishes. However, at a formal dinner in Europe, the centerpiece may be huge and, including candles, may extend the full length of the table. Centerpieces should be of low height, so as not to obstruct visibility of diners' faces.

Place settings

Informal settings generally have fewer utensils and dishes but use a stereotyped layout based on more formal settings. Utencils are arranged in the order and the way a person will use them. Usually in western cultures, that means that the forks, bread plate, spreader, and napkins are to the left, while knives, spoons, drinkwear, cups, and sausers are to the right, although the left-right order is reversed in a minority of countries. Formally, in Greece, Armenia and Turkey, the fork is placed on the right of the table. Sauseboats, where used, are either placed on the table, or in a more formal setting may be kept on a side table.

Formal

Utensils are placed about one inch from the edge of the table, each one lining up at the base with the one next to it. Utensils on the outermost position are used first (for example, a salad fork and a soup spoon, then the dinner fork and the dinner knife). The blade of the knife, as the "dangerous" or "aggressive" part of the utensil, must face toward the plate, away from other diners. The glasses are positioned about an inch from the knives, also in the order of use: white wine, red wine, dessert wine, and water tumbler.

Formal dinner

The most formal dinner is served from the kitchen. When the meal is served, in addition to the place plate at each setting there is the roll, the napkin, and the following cutlery/silver: knives [and spoons where applicable], to the right and forks to the left. Coffee is served in Butler Service style in demitasse and spoons are placed on the saucer to the right of each handle. The utensils at a formal dinner must be sterling silver. Serving dishes and utensils are not placed on the table for a formal dinner. The only exception to these general rules is the protocol followed at the Spanish royal court, which was also adopted by the hasburg court: accordingly all utensils were placed on the right. At a less formal dinner, not served from the kitchen, the dessert fork and spoon can be set above the plate, fork pointing right, to match the other forks, spoon pointing left.

In Europe, if many courses are to be served, the table is only laid for soup, fish, and meat. The pudding spoon and fork and the savoury knife and fork are then placed on the table as required.

Informal

At an informal setting, fewer utensils are used and serving dishes are placed on the table. Sometimes the cup and saucer are placed on the right side of the spoon, about four inches from the edge of the table. Often, in less formal settings, the napkin and/or cutlery may be held together in a single bundle by a napkin ring. However, such objects as napkin rings are very rare in the United Kingdom, Spain, Mexico, or Italy.

7 things about print

Colour models
cmyk
rgb
hexachrome
spot colour
pms

formats
standard ISO paper size
imperial versus metric
tabloid, broadsheet, berliner
envelope size C

artwork
document set up
file format font
spellcheck
colour specification
printer marks
pre flight check
mock ups
proof
sign off

stock
weights
finish
laid or woven
board, carton
plastic, accitate

processes
lithographic
gravure
screen print
flexography
pad printing
six colour
laminate- gloss/matt
foil blocking
embossing/ de-bossing
spot uv varnish

finishing
binding
folding and creasing
die stamping/drilling

costing
early quote
identical specification for 3 print estimators to work
learn what things cost
understand viable minimum quantities
extras/authors correction
delivery

Colour system

Colour Models
Art work and specifications
limitations

Terminology

CMYK (cyan/magenta/yellow/key black – 4 col process)

This is used in the most common printed process called litho or offset litho

RGB (red/green/blue – screen based)

Greyscale (Black and white continuous tone, any shade of grey such as a black and white photograph)

Duotone (when a continuous tone image is printed in 2 or more spot colours – this term is also generally used when describing tri and quadtones.

Spot colour (one or more specially mixed colours as opposed as a result of a CMYK or RGB mix)

Mono (like greyscale but with a coloured ink, ie:one colour only plus the colour of the material it’s printed on)

rgb cmyk

RGB

CMYK

RGB red green blue
CMYK Cyan magenta yellow key black